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- <text id=93TT0171>
- <title>
- Aug. 09, 1993: A Broken Heartland
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1993
- Aug. 09, 1993 Lost Secrets Of The Maya
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- THE FLOOD, Page 28
- A Broken Heartland
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <p>Though the waters are beginning to recede at last, the flood
- has wrought permanent changes in the character of the American
- Midwest
- </p>
- <p>By HUGH SIDEY/WASHINGTON--With reporting by William McWhirter/Quincy
- </p>
- <p> By the time the river reached them on July 13, Nick and Crystal
- Goedereis had removed everything possible--livestock, heirlooms,
- even portable buildings--from their 150-acre homestead along
- the rich banks of the Mississippi near Quincy, Illinois. But
- they still defiantly spent their last night in sleeping bags
- on the bare living room floor. "We didn't want to leave," says
- Crystal. "It was our home."
- </p>
- <p> Repeatedly over the 160 years since Nick's family first tilled
- the land, the river had reached out to destroy the crops. But
- each time, the family had returned to replant and prosper. This
- was different. The river, recalls Crystal, "was like something
- possessed." For weeks now, the Mississippi has occupied their
- five-bedroom home, its undercurrents "shaking the house apart,
- ripping away the studs from the siding and Sheetrock," as Nick
- describes it. Unlike past flash floods, which were over in days,
- the waters may not recede for four months, and the family may
- not be able to replant their soybean crop for two years.
- </p>
- <p> Throughout a heart-shape chunk that stretches 500 miles across
- and 600 miles long in ten Midwestern states, this deluge has
- recast the lives of the Goedereises as well as thousands of
- other families, perhaps forever.
- </p>
- <p> For all the urban pretensions in bigger towns like St. Joseph
- and Des Moines, the region was geared to nature's rhythms, a
- verdant land of quilted green and slow streams with such names
- as Skunk and Nodaway. The Flood of '93 stole some of its innocence
- and its trust. The most frequently cataloged submersibles besides
- homes and acres of waving grain were bandstands and ball fields.
- "Summers are what we are all about," insists the Des Moines
- Register's Larry Fruhling. "This summer was wrecked." Worse,
- it may have planted fear in the hearts of thousands of the yeomen.
- </p>
- <p> "Not many people are going to be willing to bet that this 500-year
- flood is not going to happen again in the next 499 years," says
- economist Neil Harl of Iowa State University. "There will be
- a drop in confidence, a rise in risk aversion."
- </p>
- <p> Nobody has figures now, but it is expected that dozens of tiny
- towns will cease to exist. "Some people will absolutely leave--the older people who lost everything are not going to go
- back," declares Roger Hannan, executive director of the Farm
- Resource Center, a mental-health outreach network, in Mound
- City, Illinois. "The prolonged nature of this flood is especially
- troublesome. We have little to refer to in the literature of
- disasters." But it is known that 60 years ago, after a summer
- of dust storms and drought, thousands of Midwesterners pulled
- up stakes and went west. This flood has been in some parts of
- Illinois since April. Whither today's refugees? Nobody is sure
- right now.
- </p>
- <p> Experts expect there will be renewed efforts to control the
- rivers. Since they can't move downtown Davenport, Iowa, to higher
- ground, reason suggests a new system to replace inadequate local
- levees. There may also be a campaign to coordinate flood control
- in the upper Mississippi basin, which until now has been a hodgepodge
- of reservoirs, locks and levees. Central planning has produced
- a flood-control system on the lower Mississippi that has not
- failed since 1927, points out Michael Robinson of the Army Corps
- of Engineers in Vicksburg, Mississippi. But the lower river
- has storage and pass-through basins equal in area to the state
- of Indiana, something never dreamed of up north.
- </p>
- <p> "We didn't think this was possible," says naturalist John Madson
- of Godfrey, Illinois. "Levees turning to Jell-O, towns going
- down the tube. I'm sure we will be rethinking river containment.
- But it would take countless billions of dollars today. I doubt
- that is politically possible."
- </p>
- <p> Even as the flood brings a resurgence of plant and wildlife,
- at least for now, it is likely to bring changes in city zoning
- for vulnerable areas, which will in turn alter urban growth
- patterns. Scientists note that the fields using new "no till"
- techniques, where last year's crop stubble is left intact, collected
- flood debris and took longer to dry out, delaying planting even
- more. Old-time deep tillage may become the fad once more.
- </p>
- <p> Nick Goedereis just wants to be able to farm again, though it's
- unlikely he will soon replace his $500,000 showcase on the Mississippi,
- where he bred imported European hogs to produce the kind of
- leaner, lower-cholesterol pork prized by health-conscious Americans.
- For the time being, he, Crystal and their four young children
- have moved to a yardless, four-room, two-window apartment in
- town. They have no funds or flood insurance and depend on feed
- donations for their swine herd. "You have to force yourself
- to get up every morning and deal with something you don't want
- to deal with," says Crystal. Despite local press reports of
- federal emergency funds as high as $11,900 per family, their
- only check came to $390. "That wouldn't even get the utilities
- turned on," says Nick. By selling off his prized breeders at
- prices 80% below their value, he says, "I can afford a home,
- or I can afford to put myself back into business. The hogs will
- eventually put a house around us, while the house would never
- bring back the livestock."
- </p>
- <p> The family's dreams may have been set back for a generation.
- "The kids know that someday they are going to return to a farm,"
- says Crystal. "They just don't know it is not going to be this
- one."
- </p>
-
- </body>
- </article>
- </text>
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